程序思路：在一个大的axes上用text命令画标注文字，而在
一个小的axes上画图。

程序如下：

function LabelS(s,x,y,w,A);
% s is string
% x and y are the positions
% w is the width of every bar.
% A is the angle of string 
% Example:
%     s={'Monte-Calo','Cellular automation','Phase retrival'};
%     LabelS(s,1:3,rand(1,3),0.3,70);
%
close all;
A1=axes;
A2=axes('Position',[0.13 0.51 0.775 0.42]);
L=0;
for k=1:length(s);
    L=max(L,length(s(k)));
end
axes(A1);
set(gca,'Xlim',[0,length(x)+1],'Xtick',0:length(x));
for k=1:length(s);
    T=text(k,0.47,char(s(k)),'Rotation',A,'fontsize',16,...
        'HorizontalAlignment','right'); %change the value of rotation to rotate the labels
end
axis off;
axes(A2);
gridbar(x,y,w);
set(gca,'Xlim',[0,length(x)+1],'Xtick',0:length(x),...
    'Fontsize',14,'Xtick',[]);

function gridbar(x,y,w)
% x is the data at x-axis
% y is the data at y-axis
% w is the width of bar
%  Example:
%     gridbar(1:6,rand(1,6),0.4);
for k=1:length(x);
    xk=x(k);yk=y(k);
    plot([xk-w,xk-w,xk+w,xk+w],[0,yk,yk,0],'k');
    hold on;
end
xt=get(gca,'xtick');
yt=get(gca,'ytick');
Po=get(gca,'Position');
A=[yt(2)-yt(1)]/[xt(2)-xt(1)];
A=tan(A)*2;
yd=[xt(2)+w]*tan(A);
D=[yt(2)-yt(1)]/3;
xm=min(xt);ym=min(yt);
for k=1:length(x);
    xk=x(k);yk=y(k);
    ydt=-[xk+w]*tan(A)+D;
    while ydt<[yk-(xk-w)*tan(A)];
        xc=[ym-ydt]/tan(A);
        if xc<xk+w & xc>xk-w;
            x1=xc;y1=ym;
        else
            x1=xk-w;y1=(xk-w)*tan(A)+ydt;
        end
        xc=[yk-ydt]/tan(A);
        if xc<xk+w & xc>xk-w;
            x2=xc;y2=yk;
        else
            x2=xk+w;y2=(xk+w)*tan(A)+ydt;
        end
        plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k');
        ydt=ydt+D;
    end
end
A=-A;
for k=1:length(x);
    xk=x(k);yk=y(k);
    ydt=-[xk-w]*tan(A)+D+ym;
    while ydt<[yk-(xk+w)*tan(A)];
        xc=[yk-ydt]/tan(A);
        if xc<xk+w & xc>xk-w;
            x1=xc;y1=yk;
        else
            x1=xk-w;y1=(xk-w)*tan(A)+ydt;
        end
        xc=[ym-ydt]/tan(A);
        if xc<xk+w & xc>xk-w;
            x2=xc;y2=ym;
        else
            x2=xk+w;y2=(xk+w)*tan(A)+ydt;
        end
        plot([x1,x2],[y1,y2],'k');
        ydt=ydt+D;
    end
end
hold off;

结果如下：